Hickory Hill was part of unincorporated Shelby County until 1999. Today, it's a middle and lower-income, majority-black neighborhood and home to the city's second largest Hispanic community. It was first developed as a collection of upper and middle class, majority-white subdivisions. Economic decline came as chain retailers, industry and investment dollars followed wealthier residents out of area after annexation. Crime rates are higher now and home values lower, but Hickory Hill as a whole is still middle-income compared to the city as a whole. It has important assets including active community groups, a substantial small business community, and Memphis' largest community city.